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linux下實現(xiàn)雙網(wǎng)卡橋接 時間：2015-06-28 00:00:00 來源：IT貓撲網(wǎng) 作者：網(wǎng)管聯(lián)盟 我要評論(0)

　　Name名稱

　　brctl - ethernet bridge administration brctl - 以太網(wǎng)橋管理

　　Synopsis簡介

　　brctl [command] brctl [命令]

　　Description描述

　　brctl is used to set up, maintain, and inspect the ethernet bridge configuration in the linux kernel.brctl是用于建立，維護和檢查Linux內(nèi)核的以太網(wǎng)橋配置研究。

　　An ethernet bridge is a device commonly used to connect different networks of ethernets together, so that these ethernets will appear as one ethernet to the participants.一個以太網(wǎng)是以太網(wǎng)橋設(shè)備以及常用的不同的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接，使這些以太網(wǎng)將作為一個以太網(wǎng)的參與者。

　　Each of the ethernets being connected corresponds to one physical interface in the bridge.目前的以太網(wǎng)連接各對應(yīng)一個物理接口的橋梁。 These individual ethernets are bundled into one bigger ('logical') ethernet, this bigger ethernet corresponds to the bridge network interface.這些個別以太網(wǎng)是以太網(wǎng)捆綁成一個更大的（'邏輯'）以太網(wǎng)，這對應(yīng)于更大橋網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口。

　　Instances實例

　　The command brctl addbr creates a new instance of the ethernet bridge.該命令brctl addbr <名稱創(chuàng)建一個新的以太網(wǎng)橋的實例。 The network interface corresponding to the bridge will be called .該網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口對應(yīng)的橋梁將被稱為<名稱。

　　The command brctl delbr deletes the instance of the ethernet bridge. <名稱>命令brctl delbr刪除以太網(wǎng)橋的實例<名稱。 The network interface corresponding to the bridge must be down before it can be deleted!該網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口對應(yīng)的橋梁，必須下才能被刪除！

　　The command brctl show shows all current instances of the ethernet bridge.命令brctl顯示顯示當前所有的以太網(wǎng)橋的實例。

　　Ports端口

　　Each bridge has a number of ports attached to it.每個橋有一個連接到它的端口數(shù)。 Network traffic coming in on any of these ports will be forwarded to the other ports transparently, so that the bridge is invisible to the rest of the network (ie it will not show up in traceroute <linux.die.net/man/8/traceroute&rurl=translate.google.com.hk&usg=ALkJrhgJakROF--e1An0sDTvEZMCZO7DQA">http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=zh-CN&langpair=en%7Czh-CN&u=http://linux.die.net/man/8/traceroute&rurl=translate.google.com.hk&usg=ALkJrhgJakROF--e1An0sDTvEZMCZO7DQA> (8) ).未來的網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量在這些港口的任何會被轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到其他港口透明，使無形的橋梁，是網(wǎng)絡(luò)的其余部分的（即它不會出現(xiàn)在了的traceroute <http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=zh-CN&langpair=en%7Czh-CN&u=http://linux.die.net/man/8/traceroute&rurl=translate.google.com.hk&usg=ALkJrhgJakROF--e1An0sDTvEZMCZO7DQA> （8））。

　　The command brctl addif will make the interface a port of the bridge .該命令brctl addif 將使接口 1 港口橋。 This means that all frames received on will be processed as if destined for the bridge.這意味著在收到的所有幀將被處理，好像注定了橋梁。 Also, when sending frames on , will be considered as a potential output interface.此外，在發(fā)送框架上，將被視為一個潛在的輸出接口。

　　The command brctl delif will detach the interface from the bridge .該命令brctl delif 將分離的橋梁接口從。

　　The command brctl show will show some information on the bridge and its attached ports.該命令將顯示brctl顯示一些端口信息的橋梁及其附屬。

　　Ageing老齡化

　　The bridge keeps track of ethernet addresses seen on each port.這座橋的以太網(wǎng)保持跟蹤每個端口看到地址。 When it needs to forward a frame, and it happens to know on which port the destination ethernet address (specified in the frame) is located, it can 'cheat' by forwarding the frame to that port only, thus saving a lot of redundant copies and transmits.當它需要提出一個框架，它發(fā)生在哪個端口知道目標以太網(wǎng)地址（框架中指定）的位置，它可以'欺騙'的幀轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)到該端口只，從而節(jié)省了大量的冗余拷貝與傳輸。

　　However, the ethernet address location data is not static data.然而，以太網(wǎng)地址位置數(shù)據(jù)不是靜態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)。 Machines can move to other ports, network cards can be replaced (which changes the machine's ethernet address), etc.機器可以轉(zhuǎn)移到其他港口，網(wǎng)絡(luò)卡可以更換（從而改變了機器的以太網(wǎng)地址）等

　　brctl showmacs shows a list of learned MAC addresses for this bridge. showmacs brctl顯示的MAC地址列表獲悉此橋。

　　brctl setageingtime sets the ethernet (MAC) address ageing time, in seconds. brctl setageingtime <時間>設(shè)置MAC）地址老化時間，以秒以太網(wǎng)（。 After seconds of not having seen a frame coming from a certain address, the bridge will time out (delete) that address from the Forwarding DataBase (fdb).經(jīng)過一定的地址<時間秒沒有看到一幀來自，橋梁將超時（刪除），解決從轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)數(shù)據(jù)庫（fdb）。

　　brctl setgcint sets the garbage collection interval for the bridge to seconds. brctl setgcint <時間>設(shè)置為<時間間隔為秒的垃圾收集橋梁。 This means that the bridge will check the forwarding database for timed out entries every seconds.這意味著，大橋?qū)z查<時間秒轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)數(shù)據(jù)庫超時每一個條目。

　　Spanning Tree Protocol生成樹協(xié)議

　　Multiple ethernet bridges can work together to create even larger networks of ethernets using the IEEE 802.1d spanning tree protocol.多個以太網(wǎng)橋可以共同創(chuàng)造更大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以太網(wǎng)使用IEEE 802.1D生成樹協(xié)議。 This protocol is used for finding the shortest path between two ethernets, and for eliminating loops from the topology.這個協(xié)議是用來找出兩個以太網(wǎng)之間的最短路徑，拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)和消除循環(huán)的。 As this protocol is a standard, linux bridges will interwork properly with other third party bridge products.由于此協(xié)議是一個標準，Linux的橋梁將妥善互通的橋梁與其他第三方產(chǎn)品。 Bridges communicate with eachother by sending and receiving BPDUs (Bridge Protocol Data Units).橋梁溝通海誓山盟通過發(fā)送和接收BPDUs訊息（橋協(xié)議數(shù)據(jù)單元）。 These BPDUs can be recognised by an ethernet destination address of 01:80:c2:00:00:00.這些BPDUs訊息可識別以太網(wǎng)目標地址的01:80：c2的：00:00:00。

　　The spanning tree protocol can also be turned off (for those situations where it just doesn't make sense, for example when this linux box is the only bridge on the LAN, or when you know that there are no loops in the topology.)生成樹協(xié)議還可以關(guān)閉意識（對于那些情況下它只是不作，例如在Linux機器這是唯一的橋梁，或當在局域網(wǎng)上，你知道，有沒有循環(huán)中的拓撲。）

　　brctl (8) can be used for configuring certain spanning tree protocol parameters. brctl（8）可用于配置某些生成樹協(xié)議參數(shù)。 For an explanation of these parameters, see the IEEE 802.1d specification (or send me an email).對于這些參數(shù)的解釋，看到了IEEE 802.1d的規(guī)格（或向我發(fā)送電子郵件）。 The default values should be just fine.默認值應(yīng)該只是罰款。 If you don't know what these parameters mean, you probably won't feel the desire to tweak them.如果你不知道這些參數(shù)的意思是，你可能不會覺得他們的愿望來調(diào)整。

　　brctl stp controls this bridge instance's participation in the spanning tree protocol. brctl污水處理廠控制此橋?qū)嵗膮f(xié)議參與生成樹。 If is "on" or "yes" the STP will be turned on, otherwise it will be turned off.如果是"開"或"是"的污水處理廠將被打開，否則將被關(guān)閉。 When turned off, the bridge will not send or receive BPDUs, and wi

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